水平分割之eigrp split horizon
创始人
2024-07-25 20:11:01
0次
eigrp split horizon实验拓扑图
我们测试的网络类型是帧中继（HUB-SPOKE），R1分别与R2和R3建立frame映射，R1为 hub端，2，3 分别为spoke 端 。R2只与 R1建立映射,R3也只与R1建立映射。
配置帧中继：
R1配置：
- R1#conf t
- R1(config)#int lo 0
- R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
- R1(config-if)#no sh
- R1(config-if)#int s0/0
- R1(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
- R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
- R1(config-if)#no arp frame-relay
- R1(config-if)#no frame inverse-arp
- R1(config-if)#frame map ip 11.1.1.2 102 broadcast
- R1(config-if)#frame map ip 11.1.1.3 103 broadcast （帧中继的标准配置）
- R1(config-if)#no sh
R2配置：
- R2(config-if)#int s0/0
- R2(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
- R2(config-if)#no sh
- R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
- R2(config-if)#no arp frame-relay
- R2(config-if)#no frame inverse-arp
- R2(config-if)#frame map ip 11.1.1.1 201 broadcast
- R2(config-if)#no sh
R3配置：
- R3(config-if)#int s0/0
- R3(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
- R3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
- R3(config-if)#no arp frame-relay
- R3(config-if)#no frame inverse-arp
- R3(config-if)#frame map ip 11.1.1.1 301 broadcast
- R3(config-if)#no sh
#p#
查看帧中继建立情况
- R1#sh frame map
- Serial0/0 (up): ip 11.1.1.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,
- broadcast,
- CISCO, status defined, active
- Serial0/0 (up): ip 11.1.1.3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), static,
- broadcast,
- CISCO, status defined, active
- R2#sh frame map
- Serial0/0 (up): ip 11.1.1.1 dlci 201(0xC9,0x3090), static,
- broadcast,
- CISCO, status defined, active
- R3#sh frame map
- Serial0/0 (up): ip 11.1.1.1 dlci 301(0x12D,0x48D0), static,
- broadcast,
- CISCO, status defined, active
已经建立完毕
测试连通性：
- R3#ping 11.1.1.1
- Type escape sequence to abort.
- Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 11.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
- Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 48/77/96 ms
帧中继有水平分割，在rip协议中，帧中继的水平分割默认是被关闭的，在eigrp协议中 帧中继的水平分割默认是被打开的 可查看R1的S0/0接口
- R1#sh ip int s0/0
- Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up
- Internet address is 11.1.1.1/24
- Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255
- Address determined by setup command
- MTU is 1500 bytes
- Helper address is not set
- Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled
- Multicast reserved groups joined: 224.0.0.9
- Outgoing access list is not set
- Inbound access list is not set
- Proxy ARP is enabled
- Local Proxy ARP is disabled
- Security level is default
- Split horizon is disabled
- ICMP redirects are always sent
- ICMP unreachables are always sent
- ICMP mask replies are never sent
- IP fast switching is enabled
- IP fast switching on the same interface is enabled
- IP Flow switching is disabled
我们分别用 rip 和 eigrp做同样的实验，首先每台路由器启动RIP，通过查看路由表可以发现，R2 R3会学到对方的路由。
- R2#sh ip route
- 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- R 1.1.1.0 [120/1] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:04, Serial0/0
- 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
- 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- R 3.3.3.0 [120/2] via 11.1.1.3, 00:00:04, Serial0/0
- 11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 11.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
可以看到3.3.3.0的路由
- R3#sh ip route
- 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- R 1.1.1.0 [120/1] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:06, Serial0/0
- 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- R 2.2.2.0 [120/2] via 11.1.1.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/0
- 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
- 11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 11.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
可以看到有2.2.2.0 的路由
#p#
现在去掉RIP启动EIGRP再查看结果：
- R1(config)#no router rip
- R1(config)#router ei 100
- R1(config-router)#no au
- R1(config-router)#net 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
- R1(config-router)#net 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
- R2(config)#no router rip
- R2(config)#router ei 100
- R2(config-router)#no au
- R2(config-router)#net 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255
- R2(config-router)#net 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
- R3(config)#no router rip
- R3(config)#router ei 100
- R3(config-router)#no au
- R3(config-router)#net 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255
- R3(config-router)#net 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
查看R2 R3路由表
- R2#sh ip route
- Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
- D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
- N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
- E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
- i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
- ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
- o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
- Gateway of last resort is not set
- 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- D 1.1.1.0 [90/2297856] via 11.1.1.1, 00:01:33, Serial0/0 (此时只有R1的路由没有R3的了)
- 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
- 11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 11.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
- R3#sh ip route
- Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
- D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
- N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
- E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
- i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
- ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
- o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
- Gateway of last resort is not set
- 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- D 1.1.1.0 [90/2297856] via 11.1.1.1, 00:05:01, Serial0/0（同样也是只有R1的路由没R2的）
- 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
- 11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 11.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
这是我们在接口下关闭EIGRP的水平分割再看
- R1(config)#int s0/0
- R1(config-if)#no ip split-horizon eigrp 100
查看路由表
- R2#sh ip route
- Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
- D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
- N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
- E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
- i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
- ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
- o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
- Gateway of last resort is not set
- 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- D 1.1.1.0 [90/2297856] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:25, Serial0/0
- 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
- 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- D 3.3.3.0 [90/2809856] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:25, Serial0/0（这时，我们看到了R3的路由）
- 11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 11.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
- R3#sh ip route
- Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
- D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
- N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
- E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
- i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
- ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
- o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
- Gateway of last resort is not set
- 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- D 1.1.1.0 [90/2297856] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:20, Serial0/0
- 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- D 2.2.2.0 [90/2809856] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:20, Serial0/0 （同样也有了R2的路由）
- 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
- 11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 11.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
此时验证完毕，在帧中继环境中，rip协议的水平分割是默认关闭的，而eigrp的水平分割是开启的，需要在接口下手动关闭水平分割，以防出现路由缺失问题。
【编辑推荐】
- 实例解析EIGRP浮动汇总路由配置
- 路由器的POS接入技术及解决方案
- 路由器日志信息记录的配置方法 续
- 初学者必看：CISCO路由器教程讲解
- 详细讲解路由器设置 让安全陪伴左右
下一篇：数据库虚拟化的性能核心
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